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Find Out About Weathervanes And How They Work

By Melissa Davis


A weather vane only works if wind can flow freely and is not obstructed. This is why these instruments are usually placed at the highest point on a structure like a church or a house. They are used to show the direction from which wind blows. In the past, farmers relied on weathervanes whereas today technological advances have given us instruments to accurately measure wind speed and direction.

The Greek astronomer, Andronicus, was recorded as building the first weather vane. It sat on top of a tower in Athens. It was built in honor of Triton, Greek god of the sea, and was half human, half fish. Triton held a wand that showed the direction in which wind was blowing. The ancient Romans also used weather vanes.

In the ninth century, rooster weather vanes were found on the top many church steeples. The Smithsonian magazine states that Pope Nicholas 1 had decreed that every church needed one to remind believers of a biblical prophecy of Christ about Peter, the disciple who would betray him after his crucifixion. Today, the rooster shape remains popular, not only for its shape that is well suited to catching wind but due to the symbolism attached to it of welcoming the day and the light after the darkness.

The pointer on the weather vane has to be the right shape and it has to move freely. The pointer is larger at one end and tapered at the other. The large end catches wind and turns to point where it is going while the small end swings to point to where it is coming from.

If the weather vane has the correct shape and balance, it is able to move freely. If not, it may not move at all or shift when it moves. Weight has to be equally distributed on either side of the axis to enable it to move freely. In designing modern weather vanes, more consideration may be given to aesthetic appeal than the ability to determine wind direction as this is no longer considered necessary.

Directional markers are fixed below the pointer. They indicate north, south, east and west. When the arrow points towards the west, the marker for west shows that wind is blowing from that direction and toward the east. If the marker shows north, wind is blowing from the north and toward the south.

When people see wind direction, they start noticing patterns and when they put this together with knowledge about the local climate, they start being able to make simple forecasts. They may notice, for example, that wind from a certain direction usually brings rain or that wind from another direction may mean that a storm is coming.

Farmers relied on weather vanes to help them know more about the weather. This was important when making such decisions as to when and where to plant crops and whether to plant windbreakers. They put the information about the wind together with other knowledge to make these decisions. Today, we do not use weather vanes in the same way. They are still popular and many people have them on their houses or barns but they are used more for ornamental and sentimental reasons.




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